Danish Runic Inscription 380

DR 380

The Nylarsker stone 2, Ny Larsker stone I or DR 380 is a Viking Age runestone engraved in Old Norse with the Younger Futhark runic alphabet on Bornholm. The runestone was discovered in 1643 and first mentioned in Ole Worm's Monumenta Danica. It was to be found outside the entrance of Nylars Church until 1855. It is securely dated to the period 1075–1125, and belongs to a group of Bornholm runestones that were made during the transition from the Viking Age to the Nordic Middle Ages. It made in sandstone and it is 186 cm tall, 146,5 cm wide and 17 cm thick, and the style of the runestone is the runestone style RAK.

The inscription is partly made in the Old Norse fornyrðislag meter (cf. Nielsen 1983:224-25) and consists of a traveller's or a soul formula. It possible that "Sveinn of the hooded cloak" was a descendant of the Jomsviking Sigurd of the hooded cloak who is said to have settled on Bornholm after the battle of Hjørungavåg ca. 986.

The language shows linguistic changes in "raisti" where there is a transition from sþ to st. The old ʀ-phoneme has merged with the r-phoneme as in "a(f)tir". The form "kobu" probably reflects a late u umlaut, and the form Mikial (Michael) has palatalization with parallels in West Norse and in Old Swedish (Brøndum Nielsen GG § 247). The ansuz rune is of a special form.

Inscription

kobu:suain

Kopu-(?)Swen

:

 

raisti

resþi

:

 

stain

sten

:

 

þ(e)na

þænna

:

 

a(f)tir

æftiʀ

:

 

bausa

Bøsa,

:

 

sun

sun

:

 

sin

sin,

:

 

tr(i)...

dræ

...n

n,

:

 

þan

þan

:

 

is

æs

:

 

tribin

dræpin

:

 

ua(r)þ

warþ

:

 

i

i

:

 

(u)(r)ostu

orrostu

:

 

at

at

:

 

ut:la(n)(k)iu

Utlængiu.

:

 

kuþ

Guþ

:

 

tr(u)tin

drottin

:

 

hi(a)lbi

hialpi

:

 

hans

hans

:

 

ont

ond

:

 

auk

ok

:

 

sata

santa

:

 

mikial

Mihael.

:

 

kobu:suain : raisti : stain : þ(e)na : a(f)tir : bausa : sun : sin : tr(i)... ...n : þan : is : tribin : ua(r)þ : i : (u)(r)ostu : at : ut:la(n)(k)iu : kuþ : tr(u)tin : hi(a)lbi : hans : ont : auk : sata : mikial :

Kopu-(?)Swen {} resþi {} sten {} þænna {} æftiʀ {} Bøsa, {} sun {} sin, {} dræ n, {} þan {} æs {} dræpin {} warþ {} i {} orrostu {} at {} Utlængiu. {} Guþ {} drottin {} hialpi {} hans {} ond {} ok {} santa {} Mihael. {}

"Sveinn (of the hooded cloak? son of Kápa?) raised this stone in memory of Bausi, his son, a good valiant man, who was killed in battle at Útlengia. May Lord God and Saint Michael help his spirit. "

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Danske Runeindskrifter, Nationalmuseet, accessed December 31, 2020.
  2. ^ a b Scandinavian Runic-text Database - Rundata.
Runestones
Western route and unspecified expeditions abroad
Eastern route
Other journeys
Jomsvikings and the Battle of Fýrisvellir
Viking Age womenVs 24, U 15, U 337, U 455, U 489, U 861, Sr 139, Vg 67, N 68, N 225, DR 55, DR 114, DR 143

Gerlög and Inga: Färentuna Runestones, Hillersjö stone, Snottsta and Vreta stones

Estrid: Broby bro Runestones, Hargs bro runic inscriptions, Uppland Rune Inscriptions 101, 143 and 147
Norse mythology and
Old Norse religion
Runestone monuments
OtherSö 113
Resources

Runic transliteration and transcription