List of Muisca toponyms

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The Muisca Confederation

This list contains the toponyms (place names) in Muisca, the language of the Muisca who inhabited the Colombian Altiplano Cundiboyacense before the Spanish conquest of the Muisca in the 1530s. The name of the language of the Muisca is called Chibcha, Muisca or, in its own language, Muysccubun. Muisca means "man", "person" or "people".

Most names of the Muisca have been kept by the Spanish colonists, though some are slightly altered through time. A number of names refer to the farmfields (tá) or other geographical features of the region. The name of the department of Cundinamarca is an exception, it is inferred the name comes not from Chibcha, yet from Quechua, meaning condor's nest.

Chibcha language toponyms outside the Muisca Confederation territories, such as the Guane, Lache, U'wa or Sutagao and Spanish language toponyms within the Muisca Confederation are not included.

(Modern) name bold is capital	Department bold is capital	Ruler(s) bold is seat	Meaning(s) in Muysccubun bold is personal name	Notes	Map
Bogotá Bogotá Formation Bogotá River Bogotá savanna Bacatá Muequetá	Cundinamarca, Capital District	zipa	(Enclosure) outside the farm fields
Tunja Hunza	Boyacá	zaque	Proud lord
Duitama Tundama Tundama Province	Boyacá	Tundama	Named after cacique Tundama
Sogamoso Suamox Sugamuxi Province	Boyacá	iraca	Dwelling of the Sun (Sué)
Arcabuco Arcabuco Formation	Boyacá	cacique	Place of the intricate scrublands Place enclosed by the hills
Betéitiva	Boyacá	cacique	Chief of the mouth Named after cacique Betacín
Boavita	Boyacá	cacique	Point on the hill worshipping the Sun Gate of the Sun
Boyacá Boyacá Department	Boyacá	zaque	Region of the blankets Enclosure of the cacique
Busbanzá	Boyacá	iraca	Named after cacique Boazá
Cerinza	Boyacá	Tundama	My throat Named after cacique Cerinza
Chinavita	Boyacá	zaque	Our point or illuminated hill top
Chiquinquirá Chiquinquirá Sandstone Chiquinquirá Valley	Boyacá	cacique	Place of swamps covered with fog Also: Holy people, because of the Fúquene Lake ceremonies
Chíquiza	Boyacá	zaque	Only or alone, Chiqui means priest Hairy field
Chitagoto part of Paz de Río	Boyacá	Tundama	From cacique Chitagoto
Chitaraque	Boyacá	zaque	Our vigorous farmfields from before
Chivatá	Boyacá	zaque	Our outside farmfields
Chivor Chivor Mine	Boyacá	cacique	Our farmfields - our mother Green and rich land
Ciénega	Boyacá	zaque	Place of water
Cómbita	Boyacá	cacique	Force of the summit Hand of the jaguar and wheel of life
Covarachía	Boyacá	cacique	Land of the Sun and the Moon Cave of the Moon
Cucaita	Boyacá	zaque	Seminary enclosure Shade of the farming fields
Cuítiva	Boyacá	iraca	Similarity to the chief
Firavitoba	Boyacá	iraca	Air of clouds
Gachantivá	Boyacá	zaque	Chief of the Gacha
Gámeza	Boyacá	iraca	Serf of the Sun
Garagoa	Boyacá	zaque	Behind the hill On the other side of the hill
Guateque Guatoc	Boyacá	cacique	Stream of the ravine Lord of the winds
Guayatá	Boyacá	cacique	Domain of the female cacique From Guaya (creek in Tenza) and "tá" (farmfields or land over there)
Iza Iza—Paipa volcanic complex	Boyacá	iraca	Place of healing
Lengupá Province Lengupá River	Boyacá	zaque	"Len": site; "Gua": of the river; "Paba": father or chief
Macanal Macanal Formation	Boyacá	zaque	From: Macana: palm tree or garrote
Mongua	Boyacá	iraca	Bath on the hill Sunrise
Moniquirá Moniquirá River	Boyacá	cacique	Place of bath
Motavita	Boyacá	zaque	Washing place to prepare for growing crops
Nobsa	Boyacá	Tundama	Decent bath of today
Oicatá	Boyacá	zaque	Domain of the priests Hailstoned farmlands
Pachavita	Boyacá	zaque	Peak of the man Proud chief
Paipa Iza—Paipa volcanic complex	Boyacá	Tundama	Named after the cacique of the Paipa people
Paya	Boyacá	cacique	People of hope
Pesca	Boyacá	iraca	Strong enclosure Domain of the fortress
Pisba PNN Pisba	Boyacá	cacique	Honourable domain from before
Ramiriquí Ramaraquí	Boyacá	zaque	White earth Ca-Mi-Quiqui
Ráquira	Boyacá	cacique	Village of the pans
Saboyá	Boyacá	cacique	Taste for the blankets Named after cacique Saboyá
Sáchica	Boyacá	zaque	our present domain fortress or mansion of the sovereign
San Miguel de Sema	Boyacá	zaque	Named after the Sema tribe, part of the Muisca
Sativanorte	Boyacá	Tundama	Named after the cacique Sátiva
Sativasur	Boyacá	Tundama	Named after the cacique Sátiva
Siachoque	Boyacá	zaque	Land of the vigorous taste Place of good smells and strong and vigorous cultures
Soatá Soatá Formation	Boyacá	Tundama	Farmfields of the Sun
Socotá Socotá Formation	Boyacá	iraca Tundama	Good harvest Land of the Sun and farmfields
Somondoco	Boyacá	zaque	So = stone, Mon = bath, Co = support Named after cacique Somendoco or Sumindoco
Sora	Boyacá	zaque	Devil worshipper
Soracá	Boyacá	zaque	Ruling mansion of the sovereign
Sotaquirá	Boyacá	zaque	Town of the sovereign
Susacón	Boyacá	Tundama	Ally of the cacique Susa
Sutamarchán	Boyacá	zaque	Merchant of the sovereign Suta Marchán refers to 18th century encomendero Pedro Merchan de Velasco
Sutatenza	Boyacá	zaque	Cloud behind the mouth Descending to the house of the cacique
Tenza Tenza Valley Tanazuca	Boyacá	cacique	Behind the mouth Going down at night
Tibaná	Boyacá	zaque	Named after Tibanaes "Tiba" means chief
Tibasosa Tibasosa Formation	Boyacá	Tundama iraca	Chief of the domain
Tinjacá	Boyacá	zaque	Enclosure of the powerful lord
Tipacoque	Boyacá	zaque	Name of the hacienda of the Augustines Dependency of the zaque
Toca	Boyacá	iraca	Domain of the river
Togüí	Boyacá	zaque	River of the wife or house of the dog
Tópaga	Boyacá	cacique	Behind father river
Tota Lake Tota	Boyacá	iraca	Farmfields of the river
Turmequé	Boyacá	zaque	Vigorous chief
Tuta	Boyacá	zaque	Borrowed farmlands or Property of the Sun Named after the Tuta tribe
Tutazá	Boyacá	cacique	Named after cacique Tutazúa; son of the Sun
Úmbita	Boyacá	cacique	Your point, your summit, summit of the farmlands
Viracachá	Boyacá	zaque	Air of the lake or lord of the enclosure of the wind
Zetaquira	Boyacá	zaque	Land of the snake or City of the snake
Bojacá Bojacá River	Cundinamarca	zipa	Purple enclosure
Cajicá	Cundinamarca	zipa	From ca and jica; "stone fortress" From the cacique Cajic
Cáqueza Cáqueza Group	Cundinamarca	zipa	Region or enclosure without forest
Chía Chía Formation	Cundinamarca	zipa	Named after Chía, Moon goddess
Chipaque Chipaque Formation	Cundinamarca	cacique	Derived from Chipapabacue; Forest of our ancestors
Choachí	Cundinamarca	zipa	Derived from Chi-gua-chí; our mountain of the Moon
Chocontá	Cundinamarca	zipa	Farmlands of the good ally
Cogua	Cundinamarca	zipa	Support of the hill
Cota	Cundinamarca	zipa	From personal name Gota or cota; "curl"
Cucunubá	Cundinamarca	zipa	Similarity to a face
Facatativá	Cundinamarca	zipa	Strong enclosure at the end of the plains
Fómeque Fómeque Formation	Cundinamarca	zipa	Your forest of the foxes
Funza Funza River	Cundinamarca	zipa	Powerful lord
Fúquene Lake Fúquene	Cundinamarca	zipa zaque	From fú and quyny; bed of the fox Named after the god Fu; bed of Fu
Gachancipá	Cundinamarca	zipa	Pottery of the zipa
Gachalá	Cundinamarca	cacique	Clay vessel or defeat of the night
Gachetá Gachetá Formation	Cundinamarca	cacique	Behind our farmfields
Gama	Cundinamarca	cacique	Our back
Guachetá	Cundinamarca	cacique	Farmlands of the hill
Guasca	Cundinamarca	zipa	From guâ and shucâ; skirt of the mountain range
Guatavita Lake Guatavita	Cundinamarca	cacique	End of the farmlands
Lenguazaque	Cundinamarca	zaque	End of the reign of the zaque
Machetá	Cundinamarca	zaque	Your honourable farmfields
Manta	Cundinamarca	cacique	Your farmfields
Nemocón	Cundinamarca	zipa	From Enemocón; sadness of the warrior Named after Nemequene
Pacho Guataque or Gotaque	Cundinamarca	zipa	Good father "Gua" = mountain, "tha"; strong and "que"; elevated; strong elevated mountain
Pasca	Cundinamarca	zipa	Father's enclosure
Quetame Quetame Group	Cundinamarca	cacique	Our farmfields of the mountain
Sesquilé	Cundinamarca	zipa	Hot water
Sibaté	Cundinamarca	zipa	Leak of the lake
Simijaca Simijaca Formation	Cundinamarca	zaque (<1490) zipa (1490-1537)	Blue circle or nose of the white owl
Soacha Soacha Province Soacha River	Cundinamarca	zipa	Súa; Sun god Sué and chá; Man of the Sun
Sopó	Cundinamarca	zipa	Rock or strong hill
Subachoque Subachoque River Subachoque Formation	Cundinamarca	zipa	Work of the Sun Farmfields of the front
Suesca Lake Suesca	Cundinamarca	zipa	Rock of the birds or Tail of the macaw
Susa	Cundinamarca	zaque (<1490) zipa (1490-1537)	White reed or soft reed
Sutatausa	Cundinamarca	zipa	Small tribute
Tabio	Cundinamarca	zipa	Mouth
Tausa	Cundinamarca	zipa	Tribute
Tena Zuca	Cundinamarca	zipa	Place of rest for the zipa
Tenjo	Cundinamarca	zipa	In the mouth
Tequendama Tequendama Falls Tequendama Province	Cundinamarca	zipa	He who precipitates downward
Tibacuy	Cundinamarca	zipa Panche	Official chief
Tibiritá	Cundinamarca	zaque
Tocancipá	Cundinamarca	zipa	Valley of the joys of the zipa
Ubalá	Cundinamarca	cacique	Place on the hillside or At the foot of the hillside
Ubaque	Cundinamarca	cacique	From Ybaque; blooding Eucalyptus tree or from Ebaque
Ubaté Ubaté Province Ubaté River Ubaté Valley	Cundinamarca	zaque (<1490) zipa (1490-1537)	Sower of the mouth or blooded land
Une Une Formation	Cundinamarca	cacique	Drop it or mud
Zipacón	Cundinamarca	zipa	Crying of the zipa
Zipaquirá	Cundinamarca	zipa	City of our father
Charalá	Santander	cacique	Named after the Guane cacique Chalala
Chipatá	Santander	cacique	"chi" = our, "pa" = father, "tá" = farmland Named after cacique Chipatá
Onzaga	Santander	Tundama	From cacique Hunzaá
Bosa	Cundinamarca	zipa	Enclosure of the one who guards and defends the cornfields
Engativá	Cundinamarca	zipa	From Ingativá; Cacique of the land of the Sun Engue-tivá; captain of the delicious
Fontibón	Cundinamarca	zipa	Powerful chief
Suba Suba Hills	Cundinamarca	zipa	From "sua"; Sun and "sie"; water From "uba"; fruit or flower and "sua"; Sun; Flower of the Sun
Teusaquillo	Cundinamarca	zipa	From Teusacá; borrowed enclosure
Tunjuelito Tunjuelo Formation Tunjuelo River	Cundinamarca	zipa	Diminutive form of tunjo; anthropomorph made of gold
Usaquén	Cundinamarca	zipa	From cacique Usaque; Usaque means "under the pole"
Usme Usme Fault Usme Formation	Cundinamarca	zipa	Nest of love
El Chicó	Cundinamarca	zipa	Chicó comes from chicú; "our ally"
Techo Techo wetland	Cundinamarca	zipa	From cacique Techitina
Chingaza	Cundinamarca	zipa Guayupe	Middle of the width
Siecha Lakes	Cundinamarca	zipa	House of the Lord
Tibabuyes	Cundinamarca	zipa	Land of the farmers
Maiporé	Cundinamarca	zipa	Welcome

See also

• List of flora and fauna named after the Muisca
• Muisca Confederation
• Muysccubun
• List of placenames of indigenous origin in the Americas
  • List of Mapudungun placenames

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br (in Spanish) Etymology Municipalities Boyacá - Excelsio.net
2. ^ a b (in Spanish) ta - Muysccubun Dictionary
3. ^ a b c (in Spanish) Etymology municipalities Cundinamarca - El Tiempo
4. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Bacatá Archived 2016-10-07 at the Wayback Machine - Banco de la República
5. ^ (in Spanish) bac - Muysccubun Dictionary
6. ^ BD Bacatá at Emporis.com
7. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Betéitiva
8. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Boavita Archived 2015-06-02 at archive.today
9. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Boyacá Archived 2015-05-30 at archive.today
10. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chinavita Archived 2015-05-31 at archive.today
11. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chíquiza Archived 2015-05-29 at archive.today
12. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Chitagoto
13. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chitaraque Archived 2015-06-03 at archive.today
14. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chivatá Archived 2015-05-29 at archive.today
15. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cómbita Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine
16. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Covarachía Archived 2015-06-02 at archive.today
17. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cucaita Archived 2015-05-29 at archive.today
18. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gachantivá Archived 2015-06-03 at archive.today
19. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guateque Archived 2015-06-02 at archive.today
20. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guayatá
21. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Lengupá
22. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Macanal
23. ^ Ocampo López, 2001, p.84
24. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Pachavita
25. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sáchica Archived 2018-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
26. ^ (in Spanish) Official website San Miguel de Sema
27. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Siachoque
28. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Socotá
29. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Somondoco
30. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sutamarchán
31. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sutatenza Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
32. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tibaná
33. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tinjacá
34. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tipacoque
35. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Togüí
36. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tuta Archived 2015-05-29 at archive.today
37. ^ a b Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1126
38. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Zetaquirá Archived 2014-03-10 at archive.today
39. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Bojacá Archived 2017-10-11 at the Wayback Machine
40. ^ a b Román, 2008, p.288
41. ^ (in Spanish) History and etymology of Cajicá Archived 2016-06-04 at the Wayback Machine
42. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cáqueza
43. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Chía
44. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chipaque Archived 2014-03-10 at archive.today
45. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Choachí Archived 2017-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
46. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chocontá Archived 2014-03-10 at archive.today
47. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cogua Archived 2015-05-20 at archive.today
48. ^ (in Spanish) Article Muiscuismos on es:wiki
49. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cucunubá Archived 2015-05-22 at archive.today
50. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Facatativá Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
51. ^ a b Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1119
52. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Funza Archived 2015-12-21 at the Wayback Machine
53. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Fúquene Archived 2019-06-16 at the Wayback Machine
54. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gachancipá Archived 2014-03-10 at archive.today
55. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gachalá Archived 2017-07-10 at the Wayback Machine
56. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gachetá Archived 2017-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
57. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gama Archived 2017-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
58. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guachetá Archived 2017-07-09 at the Wayback Machine
59. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guasca Archived 2017-07-11 at the Wayback Machine
60. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guatavita Archived 2016-01-30 at the Wayback Machine
61. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Lenguazaque Archived 2015-05-22 at archive.today
62. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Machetá Archived 2017-06-06 at the Wayback Machine
63. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1120
64. ^ a b c Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1121
65. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Nemocón Archived 2015-05-20 at archive.today
66. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Pacho Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
67. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1122
68. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Quetame
69. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sesquilé
70. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sibaté Archived 2015-05-20 at archive.today
71. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1123
72. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Soacha Archived 2016-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
73. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sopó Archived 2016-02-21 at the Wayback Machine
74. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Suesca Archived 2015-05-15 at archive.today
75. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Suesca Archived 2012-04-26 at the Wayback Machine - Banco de la República
76. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Susa
77. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sutatausa Archived 2016-02-12 at the Wayback Machine
78. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tabio Archived 2015-05-20 at archive.today
79. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1124
80. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tena
81. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tenjo
82. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Tequendama Archived 2017-08-13 at the Wayback Machine
83. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tibacuy
84. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tocancipá
85. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Ubalá
86. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Ubaque Archived 2017-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
87. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1125
88. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Une Archived 2015-05-17 at archive.today
89. ^ (in Spanish) une - Muysccubun Dictionary
90. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Zipacón
91. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Charalá Archived 2015-06-05 at archive.today
92. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1118
93. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chipatá Archived 2015-06-07 at archive.today
94. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Onzaga Archived 2017-07-06 at the Wayback Machine
95. ^ a b c d e (in Spanish) Etymology localities of Bogotá
96. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Suba
97. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Tunjuelito
98. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Usaquén
99. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Usme - El Tiempo
100. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology El Chicó
101. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Techo
102. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Chingaza
103. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology of the Siecha Lakes
104. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Tibabuyes
105. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Maiporé Archived 2016-07-01 at the Wayback Machine

Bibliography

• Espejo Olaya, Maria Bernarda. 1999. Notas sobre toponimia en algunas coplas colombianas, 1102-1157. Tomo LIV, Núm. 3.; Accessed 2016-07-08.
• Ocampo López, Javier. 2001. El imaginario en Boyacá: la identidad del pueblo boyacense y su proyección en la simbología regional (Volume 2: El imaginario colectivo en los pensadores boyacenses), 1-157. Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas.
• Román, Ángel Luís. 2008. Necesidades fundacionales e historia indígena imaginada de Cajicá: una revisión de esta mirada a través de fuentes primarias (1593-1638) - Foundational needs and imagined indigenous history of Cajicá: a review of this look using primary sources (1593-1638), 276-313. Universidad de los Andes. Accessed 2016-07-08.

External links

• (in Spanish) El significado del nombre Boyacá y sus pueblos

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Topics General Agriculture Architecture Art Astronomy Calendar Cuisine Economy Mummification Music Muysccubun Mythology Numerals Religion Society Toponyms Warfare Women Specific Battle of Pasca (~1470) Battle of Chocontá (~1490) Chicha Duit Emeralds Muisca raft Ruana Tejo Tunjo Zoratama The Salt People Zipaquirá Nemocón Tausa Sesquilé
Geography and history Altiplano Cundiboyacense Bogotá River Frío Fucha Juan Amarillo Soacha Teusacá Torca Tunjuelo Bogotá savanna Suba Hills Wetlands Eastern Hills Flora & fauna Suárez River Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley Neighbouring areas Ocetá Páramo Tenza Valley History Prehistory (<10,000 BP) Lake Humboldt El Abra Tibitó Sueva Tequendama Lithic (10,000 - 2800 BP) Piedras del Tunjo Checua Galindo Nemocón Sáchica Aguazuque Lake Herrera El Infiernito Ceramic (>800 BC) Herrera (800 BC - 800) Early Muisca (800 - 1200) Muisca Confederation (~1450 - 1540) Cabildo Mayor (>2002)
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