VHS protein domain

Today, VHS protein domain has become a topic of great interest and relevance in different areas of society. Whether in the world of technology, politics, health or culture, VHS protein domain has managed to capture the attention of millions of people around the world. Its impact and significance are reflected in the numerous investigations, debates and discussions that revolve around it. That is why in this article we will thoroughly explore the importance and implications of VHS protein domain today, analyzing its role in different contexts and providing a complete overview of its relevance in today's society.

VHS
crystal structure of the vhs and fyve tandem domains of hrs, a protein involved in membrane trafficking and signal transduction
Identifiers
SymbolVHS
PfamPF00790
Pfam clanCL0009
InterProIPR002014
SMARTVHS
SCOP21elk / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures:
Pfam  structures / ECOD  
PDBRCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsumstructure summary

In molecular biology, the VHS protein domain is approximately 140 residues long. Its name is an acronym derived from its occurrence in VPS-27, Hrs and STAM. It is a domain commonly found in the N-terminus of many proteins.[1]

Function

VHS domains are thought to be very important in vesicular trafficking, in particular, aiding membrane targeting and cargo recognition role.[1]

Structure

Resolution of the crystal structure of the VHS domain of Drosophila Hrs and human TOM1 revealed that it consists of eight helices arranged in a double-layer superhelix.[2] The existence of conserved patches of residues on the domain surface suggests that VHS domains may be involved in protein-protein recognition and docking. Overall, sequence similarity is low (approx 25%) amongst domain family members.

Classification

Based on regions surrounding the domain, VHS-proteins can be divided into 4 groups:[1]

  • STAM/EAST/STAM2(Hbp) which all share the domain composition VHS-SH3-ITAM and carry one or two ubiquitin-interacting motifs
  • Proteins with a FYVE domain (INTERPRO) C-terminal to VHS which also carry one or two ubiquitin-interacting motifs
  • GGA proteins with a domain composition VHS-GAT (GGA and Tom1) homology domain
  • VHS domain alone or in combination with domains other than those listed above

The VHS domain is always found at the N-terminus of proteins suggesting that such topology is important for function. The domain is considered to have a general membrane targeting/cargo recognition role in vesicular trafficking.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c Lohi O, Poussu A, Mao Y, Quiocho F, Lehto VP (2002). "VHS domain -- a longshoreman of vesicle lines". FEBS Lett. 513 (1): 19–23. Bibcode:2002FEBSL.513...19L. doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(01)03287-2. PMID 11911875. S2CID 10894998.
  2. ^ Mao Y, Nickitenko A, Duan X, Lloyd TE, Wu MN, Bellen H, Quiocho FA (February 2000). "Crystal structure of the VHS and FYVE tandem domains of Hrs, a protein involved in membrane trafficking and signal transduction". Cell. 100 (4): 447–56. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80680-7. PMID 10693761. S2CID 4979735.
  3. ^ Misra S, Beach BM, Hurley JH (September 2000). "Structure of the VHS domain of human Tom1 (target of myb 1): insights into interactions with proteins and membranes". Biochemistry. 39 (37): 11282–90. doi:10.1021/bi0013546. PMID 10985773.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR002014