Quasiparticle
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Signification
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Underlying particles
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Anyon
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A type of quasiparticle that occurs only in two-dimensional systems, with properties much less restricted than fermions and bosons.
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Bion
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A bound state of solitons, named for Born–Infeld model
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soliton
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Bipolaron
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A bound pair of two polarons
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polaron (electron, phonon)
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Bogoliubon
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Broken Cooper pair
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electron, hole
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Configuron
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An elementary configurational excitation in an amorphous material which involves breaking of a chemical bond
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Dislon
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A localized collective excitation associated with a dislocation in crystalline solids. It emerges from the quantization of the lattice displacement field of a classical dislocation
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Doublons
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Paired electrons in the same lattice site
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electrons
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Dropleton
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The first known quasiparticle that behaves like a liquid
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Electron quasiparticle
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An electron as affected by the other forces and interactions in the solid
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electron
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Electron hole (hole)
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A lack of electron in a valence band
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electron, cation
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Exciton
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A bound state of an electron and a hole (See also: biexciton)
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electron, hole
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Ferron
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A quasiparticle that carries heat and polarization, akin to phonon and magnons.
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Fracton
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A collective quantized vibration on a substrate with a fractal structure.
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Fracton (subdimensional particle)
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An emergent quasiparticle excitation that is immobile when in isolation.
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Holon (chargon)
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A quasi-particle resulting from electron spin-charge separation
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Leviton
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A collective excitation of a single electron within a metal
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Magnon
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A coherent excitation of electron spins in a material
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Majorana fermion
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A quasiparticle equal to its own antiparticle, emerging as a midgap state in certain superconductors
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Nematicon
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A soliton in nematic liquid-crystal media
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Orbiton
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A quasiparticle resulting from electron spin–orbital separation
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Oscillon
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A soliton-like single wave in vibrating media
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Phason
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Vibrational modes in a quasicrystal associated with atomic rearrangements
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Phoniton
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A theoretical quasiparticle which is a hybridization of a localized, long-living phonon and a matter excitation
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Phonon
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Vibrational modes in a crystal lattice associated with atomic shifts
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Plasmaron
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A quasiparticle emerging from the coupling between a plasmon and a hole
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Plasmon
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A coherent excitation of a plasma
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Polaron
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A moving charged quasiparticle that is surrounded by ions in a material
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electron, phonon
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Polariton
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A mixture of photon with other quasiparticles
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photon, optical phonon
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Roton
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Elementary excitation in superfluid helium-4
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Soliton
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A self-reinforcing solitary excitation wave
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Spinon
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A quasiparticle produced as a result of electron spin–charge separation that can form both quantum spin liquid and strongly correlated quantum spin liquid
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Trion
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A coherent excitation of three quasiparticles (two holes and one electron or two electrons and one hole)
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Triplon
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A quasiparticle formed from electrons with triplet state pairing
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triplet state electrons
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Wrinklon
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A localized excitation corresponding to wrinkles in a constrained two dimensional system
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