78th United States Congress
The 78th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1943, to January 3, 1945, during the last two years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1940 United States census.
Both chambers had a Democratic majority - albeit greatly reduced from the 77th Congress, with the Democrats losing their supermajority in the House and Senate. Along with President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Democrats maintained an overall federal government trifecta.
Major events
Major legislation
- December 17, 1943: Magnuson Act (Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act of 1943), Sess. 1, ch. 344, 57 Stat. 600
- February 3, 1944: Mustering-out Payment Act, Sess. 2, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 78–225, 58 Stat. 8
- June 6, 1944: Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 (G.I. Bill), Sess. 2, ch. 268, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 78–345, 58 Stat. 284
- June 27, 1944: Veterans' Preference Act, Sess. 2, ch. 287, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 78–359, 58 Stat. 387
- July 1, 1944: Public Health Service Act, Sess. 2, ch. 373, 58 Stat. 682
- December 22, 1944: Pick-Sloan Flood Control Act, Sess. 2, ch. 665, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 78–534, 58 Stat. 887
Party summary
Senate
House of Representatives
Leaders
Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R) • House: Majority (D), Minority (R)
Senate
Majority (Democratic) leadership
Minority (Republican) leadership
- Minority Leader: Charles L. McNary, until February 25, 1944
- Minority whip: No Republican whips were appointed from 1935 to 1944 since only 17 Republicans were in the Senate following the landslide reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936. Accordingly, the minutes of the Republican Conference for the period state: "On motion of Senator Hastings, duly seconded and carried, it was agreed that no Assistant Leader or Whip be elected but that the chairman be authorized to appoint Senators from time to time to assist him in taking charge of the interests of the minority." A note attached to the conference minutes added: "The chairman of the conference, Senator McNary, apparently appointed Senator Austin of Vermont as assistant leader in 1943 and 1944, until the conference adopted Rules of Organization."
- Republican Conference Secretary: Wallace H. White Jr., until February 25, 1944
- National Senatorial Committee Chair: John G. Townsend Jr.
House of Representatives
Majority (Democratic) leadership
Minority (Republican) leadership
Members
Senate
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1944; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1946; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1948.
Alabama
▌2. John H. Bankhead II (D)
▌3. J. Lister Hill (D)
Arizona
▌1. Ernest McFarland (D)
▌3. Carl Hayden (D)
Arkansas
▌2. John L. McClellan (D)
▌3. Hattie Caraway (D)
California
▌1. Hiram W. Johnson (R)
▌3. Sheridan Downey (D)
Colorado
▌2. Edwin C. Johnson (D)
▌3. Eugene Millikin (R)
Connecticut
▌1. Francis T. Maloney (D)
▌3. John A. Danaher (R)
Delaware
▌1. James M. Tunnell (D)
▌2. C. Douglass Buck (R)
Florida
▌1. Charles O. Andrews (D)
▌3. Claude Pepper (D)
Georgia
▌2. Richard Russell Jr. (D)
▌3. Walter F. George (D)
Idaho
▌2. John Thomas (R)
▌3. D. Worth Clark (D)
Illinois
▌2. Charles W. Brooks (R)
▌3. Scott W. Lucas (D)
Indiana
▌1. Raymond E. Willis (R)
▌3. Frederick Van Nuys (D), until January 25, 1944
▌Samuel D. Jackson (D), January 28, 1944 – November 13, 1944
▌William E. Jenner (R), from November 14, 1944
Iowa
▌2. George A. Wilson (R)
▌3. Guy M. Gillette (D)
Kansas
▌2. Arthur Capper (R)
▌3. Clyde M. Reed (R)
Kentucky
▌2. Happy Chandler (D)
▌3. Alben Barkley (D)
Louisiana
▌2. Allen J. Ellender (D)
▌3. John H. Overton (D)
Maine
▌1. Ralph Owen Brewster (R)
▌2. Wallace H. White Jr. (R)
Maryland
▌1. George L. P. Radcliffe (D)
▌3. Millard Tydings (D)
Massachusetts
▌1. David I. Walsh (D)
▌2. Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (R), until February 3, 1944
▌Sinclair Weeks (R), February 8, 1944 – December 19, 1944
▌Leverett Saltonstall (R), from December 19, 1944
Michigan
▌1. Arthur H. Vandenberg (R)
▌2. Homer S. Ferguson (R)
Minnesota
▌1. Henrik Shipstead (R)
▌2. Joseph H. Ball (R)
Mississippi
▌1. Theodore G. Bilbo (D)
▌2. James Eastland (D)
Missouri
▌1. Harry S. Truman (D)
▌3. Bennett Champ Clark (D)
Montana
▌1. Burton K. Wheeler (D)
▌2. James E. Murray (D)
|
Nebraska
▌1. Hugh A. Butler (R)
▌2. Kenneth S. Wherry (R)
Nevada
▌1. James G. Scrugham (D)
▌3. Patrick A. McCarran (D)
New Hampshire
▌2. Styles Bridges (R)
▌3. Charles W. Tobey (R)
New Jersey
▌1. William Warren Barbour (R), until November 22, 1943
▌Arthur Walsh (D), November 26, 1943 – December 7, 1944
▌Howard Alexander Smith (R), from December 7, 1944
▌2. Albert W. Hawkes (R)
New Mexico
▌1. Dennis Chávez (D)
▌2. Carl Hatch (D)
New York
▌1. James M. Mead (D)
▌3. Robert F. Wagner (D)
North Carolina
▌2. Josiah William Bailey (D)
▌3. Robert R. Reynolds (D)
North Dakota
▌1. William Langer (R-NPL)
▌3. Gerald Nye (R)
Ohio
▌1. Harold Hitz Burton (R)
▌3. Robert A. Taft (R)
Oklahoma
▌2. Edward H. Moore (R)
▌3. Elmer Thomas (D)
Oregon
▌2. Charles L. McNary (R), until February 25, 1944
▌Guy Cordon (R), from March 4, 1944
▌3. Rufus C. Holman (R)
Pennsylvania
▌1. Joseph F. Guffey (D)
▌3. James J. Davis (R)
Rhode Island
▌1. Peter G. Gerry (D)
▌2. Theodore F. Green (D)
South Carolina
▌2. Burnet R. Maybank (D)
▌3. Ellison D. Smith (D), until November 17, 1944
▌Wilton E. Hall (D), from November 20, 1944
South Dakota
▌2. Harlan J. Bushfield (R)
▌3. John Chandler Gurney (R)
Tennessee
▌1. Kenneth McKellar (D)
▌2. Tom Stewart (D)
Texas
▌1. Tom T. Connally (D)
▌2. W. Lee O'Daniel (D)
Utah
▌1. Abe Murdock (D)
▌3. Elbert D. Thomas (D)
Vermont
▌1. Warren Austin (R)
▌3. George Aiken (R)
Virginia
▌1. Harry F. Byrd (D)
▌2. Carter Glass (D)
Washington
▌1. Monrad Wallgren (D)
▌3. Homer Bone (D), until November 13, 1944
▌Warren G. Magnuson (D), from December 14, 1944
West Virginia
▌1. Harley M. Kilgore (D)
▌2. Chapman Revercomb (R)
Wisconsin
▌1. Robert M. La Follette Jr. (P)
▌3. Alexander Wiley (R)
Wyoming
▌1. Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D)
▌2. Edward V. Robertson (R)
|
Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 78th Congress in January 1943. The green stripes denote Senator Robert M. La Follette Jr. of the Progressive Party. 2 Democrats 1 Democrat and 1 Republican 2 Republicans
|
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
Alabama
▌1. Frank W. Boykin (D)
▌2. George M. Grant (D)
▌3. Henry B. Steagall (D), until November 22, 1943
▌George W. Andrews (D), from March 14, 1944
▌4. Sam Hobbs (D)
▌5. Joe Starnes (D)
▌6. Pete Jarman (D)
▌7. Carter Manasco (D)
▌8. John J. Sparkman (D)
▌9. John P. Newsome (D)
Arizona
▌At-large. John R. Murdock (D)
▌At-large. Richard F. Harless (D)
Arkansas
▌1. Ezekiel C. Gathings (D)
▌2. Wilbur Mills (D)
▌3. J. William Fulbright (D)
▌4. William Fadjo Cravens (D)
▌5. Brooks Hays (D)
▌6. William F. Norrell (D)
▌7. Oren Harris (D)
California
▌1. Clarence F. Lea (D)
▌2. Harry L. Englebright (R), until May 13, 1943
▌Clair Engle (D), from August 31, 1943
▌3. J. Leroy Johnson (R)
▌4. Thomas Rolph (R)
▌5. Richard J. Welch (R)
▌6. Albert E. Carter (R)
▌7. John H. Tolan (D)
▌8. Jack Z. Anderson (R)
▌9. Bertrand W. Gearhart (R)
▌10. Alfred J. Elliott (D)
▌11. George E. Outland (D)
▌12. Jerry Voorhis (D)
▌13. Norris Poulson (R)
▌14. Thomas F. Ford (D)
▌15. John M. Costello (D)
▌16. Will Rogers Jr. (D), until May 23, 1944
▌17. Cecil R. King (D)
▌18. William Ward Johnson (R)
▌19. Chester E. Holifield (D)
▌20. John Carl Hinshaw (R)
▌21. Harry R. Sheppard (D)
▌22. John R. Phillips (R)
▌23. Edouard V. M. Izac (D)
Colorado
▌1. Lawrence Lewis (D), until December 9, 1943
▌Dean M. Gillespie (R), from March 7, 1944
▌2. William S. Hill (R)
▌3. John Chenoweth (R)
▌4. Robert F. Rockwell (R)
Connecticut
▌1. William J. Miller (R)
▌2. John D. McWilliams (R)
▌3. Ranulf Compton (R)
▌4. Clare Boothe Luce (R)
▌5. Joseph E. Talbot (R)
▌At-large. B. J. Monkiewicz (R)
Delaware
▌At-large. Earle D. Willey (R)
Florida
▌1. J. Hardin Peterson (D)
▌2. Emory H. Price (D)
▌3. Robert L. F. Sikes (D), until October 19, 1944
▌4. Pat Cannon (D)
▌5. Joe Hendricks (D)
▌At-large. Robert A. Green (D), until November 25, 1944
Georgia
▌1. Hugh Peterson (D)
▌2. Edward E. Cox (D)
▌3. Stephen Pace (D)
▌4. Albert Sidney Camp (D)
▌5. Robert Ramspeck (D)
▌6. Carl Vinson (D)
▌7. Malcolm C. Tarver (D)
▌8. John S. Gibson (D)
▌9. B. Frank Whelchel (D)
▌10. Paul Brown (D)
Idaho
▌1. Compton I. White (D)
▌2. Henry Dworshak (R)
Illinois
▌1. William L. Dawson (D)
▌2. William A. Rowan (D)
▌3. Fred E. Busbey (R)
▌4. Martin Gorski (D)
▌5. Adolph J. Sabath (D)
▌6. Thomas J. O'Brien (D)
▌7. Leonard W. Schuetz (D), until February 13, 1944
▌8. Thomas S. Gordon (D)
▌9. Charles S. Dewey (R)
▌10. Ralph E. Church (R)
▌11. Chauncey W. Reed (R)
▌12. Noah M. Mason (R)
▌13. Leo E. Allen (R)
▌14. Anton J. Johnson (R)
▌15. Robert B. Chiperfield (R)
▌16. Everett M. Dirksen (R)
▌17. Leslie C. Arends (R)
▌18. Jessie Sumner (R)
▌19. William H. Wheat (R), until January 16, 1944
▌Rolla C. McMillen (R), from June 13, 1944
▌20. Sid Simpson (R)
▌21. George Evan Howell (R)
▌22. Calvin D. Johnson (R)
▌23. Charles W. Vursell (R)
▌24. James V. Heidinger (R)
▌25. C. W. Bishop (R)
▌At-large. Stephen A. Day (R)
Indiana
▌1. Ray Madden (D)
▌2. Charles A. Halleck (R)
▌3. Robert A. Grant (R)
▌4. George W. Gillie (R)
▌5. Forest Harness (R)
▌6. Noble J. Johnson (R)
▌7. Gerald W. Landis (R)
▌8. Charles M. La Follette (R)
▌9. Earl Wilson (R)
▌10. Raymond S. Springer (R)
▌11. Louis Ludlow (D)
Iowa
▌1. Thomas E. Martin (R)
▌2. Henry O. Talle (R)
▌3. John W. Gwynne (R)
▌4. Karl M. LeCompte (R)
▌5. Paul H. Cunningham (R)
▌6. Fred C. Gilchrist (R)
▌7. Ben F. Jensen (R)
▌8. Charles B. Hoeven (R)
Kansas
▌1. William P. Lambertson (R)
▌2. Ulysses S. Guyer (R), until June 5, 1943
▌Errett P. Scrivner (R), from September 14, 1943
▌3. Thomas Daniel Winter (R)
▌4. Edward Herbert Rees (R)
▌5. Clifford R. Hope (R)
▌6. Frank Carlson (R)
Kentucky
▌1. Noble J. Gregory (D)
▌2. Beverly M. Vincent (D)
▌3. Emmet O'Neal (D)
▌4. Edward W. Creal (D), until October 13, 1943
▌Chester O. Carrier (R), from November 30, 1943
▌5. Brent Spence (D)
▌6. Virgil Chapman (D)
▌7. Andrew J. May (D)
▌8. Joe B. Bates (D)
▌9. John M. Robsion (R)
Louisiana
▌1. F. Edward Hébert (D)
▌2. Paul H. Maloney (D)
▌3. James R. Domengeaux (D), until April 15, 1944
▌3. James R. Domengeaux (D), from November 7, 1944
▌4. Overton Brooks (D)
▌5. Charles E. McKenzie (D)
▌6. James H. Morrison (D)
▌7. Henry D. Larcade Jr. (D)
▌8. A. Leonard Allen (D)
Maine
▌1. Robert Hale (R)
▌2. Margaret Chase Smith (R)
▌3. Frank Fellows (R)
Maryland
▌1. David Jenkins Ward (D)
▌2. Harry Streett Baldwin (D)
▌3. Thomas D'Alesandro Jr. (D)
▌4. Daniel Ellison (R)
▌5. Lansdale G. Sasscer (D)
▌6. James Glenn Beall (R)
Massachusetts
▌1. Allen T. Treadway (R)
▌2. Charles Clason (R)
▌3. Philip J. Philbin (D)
▌4. Pehr G. Holmes (R)
▌5. Edith Nourse Rogers (R)
▌6. George J. Bates (R)
▌7. Thomas J. Lane (D)
▌8. Angier Goodwin (R)
▌9. Charles L. Gifford (R)
▌10. Christian Herter (R)
▌11. James Michael Curley (D)
▌12. John W. McCormack (D)
▌13. Richard B. Wigglesworth (R)
▌14. Joseph W. Martin Jr. (R)
Michigan
▌1. George G. Sadowski (D)
▌2. Earl C. Michener (R)
▌3. Paul W. Shafer (R)
▌4. Clare E. Hoffman (R)
▌5. Bartel J. Jonkman (R)
▌6. William W. Blackney (R)
▌7. Jesse P. Wolcott (R)
▌8. Fred L. Crawford (R)
▌9. Albert J. Engel (R)
▌10. Roy O. Woodruff (R)
▌11. Fred Bradley (R)
▌12. John B. Bennett (R)
▌13. George D. O'Brien (D)
▌14. Louis C. Rabaut (D)
▌15. John D. Dingell Sr. (D)
▌16. John Lesinski Sr. (D)
▌17. George A. Dondero (R)
Minnesota
▌1. August H. Andresen (R)
▌2. Joseph P. O'Hara (R)
▌3. Richard Pillsbury Gale (R)
▌4. Melvin Maas (R)
▌5. Walter Judd (R)
▌6. Harold Knutson (R)
▌7. Herman Carl Andersen (R)
▌8. William Pittenger (R)
▌▌9. Harold Hagen (FL), changed to (R) on April 15, 1944
Mississippi
▌1. John E. Rankin (D)
▌2. Jamie L. Whitten (D)
▌3. William M. Whittington (D)
▌4. Thomas Abernethy (D)
▌5. W. Arthur Winstead (D)
▌6. William M. Colmer (D)
▌7. Dan R. McGehee (D)
Missouri
▌1. Samuel W. Arnold (R)
▌2. Max Schwabe (R)
▌3. William Clay Cole (R)
▌4. C. Jasper Bell (D)
▌5. Roger C. Slaughter (D)
▌6. Marion T. Bennett (R), from January 12, 1943
▌7. Dewey Short (R)
▌8. William P. Elmer (R)
▌9. Clarence Cannon (D)
▌10. Orville Zimmerman (D)
▌11. Louis E. Miller (R)
▌12. Walter C. Ploeser (R)
▌13. John J. Cochran (D)
Montana
▌1. Mike Mansfield (D)
▌2. James F. O'Connor (D)
Nebraska
▌1. Carl Curtis (R)
▌2. Howard Buffett (R)
▌3. Karl Stefan (R)
▌4. Arthur L. Miller (R)
Nevada
▌At-large. Maurice J. Sullivan (D)
New Hampshire
▌1. Chester Earl Merrow (R)
▌2. Foster Waterman Stearns (R)
|
New Jersey
▌1. Charles A. Wolverton (R)
▌2. Elmer H. Wene (D)
▌3. James C. Auchincloss (R)
▌4. D. Lane Powers (R)
▌5. Charles A. Eaton (R)
▌6. Donald H. McLean (R)
▌7. J. Parnell Thomas (R)
▌8. Gordon Canfield (R)
▌9. Harry L. Towe (R)
▌10. Fred A. Hartley Jr. (R)
▌11. Frank Sundstrom (R)
▌12. Robert Kean (R)
▌13. Mary T. Norton (D)
▌14. Edward J. Hart (D)
New Mexico
▌At-large. Clinton P. Anderson (D)
▌At-large. Antonio M. Fernández (D)
New York
▌1. Leonard W. Hall (R)
▌2. William B. Barry (D)
▌3. Joseph L. Pfeifer (D)
▌4. Thomas H. Cullen (D), until March 1, 1944
▌John J. Rooney (D), from June 6, 1944
▌5. James J. Heffernan (D)
▌6. Andrew L. Somers (D)
▌7. John J. Delaney (D)
▌8. Donald L. O'Toole (D)
▌9. Eugene J. Keogh (D)
▌10. Emanuel Celler (D)
▌11. James A. O'Leary (D), until March 16, 1944
▌Ellsworth B. Buck (R), from June 6, 1944
▌12. Samuel Dickstein (D)
▌13. Louis Capozzoli (D)
▌14. Arthur George Klein (D)
▌15. Thomas F. Burchill (D)
▌16. James H. Fay (D)
▌17. Joseph C. Baldwin (R)
▌18. Martin J. Kennedy (D)
▌19. Sol Bloom (D)
▌20. Vito Marcantonio (AL)
▌21. Joseph A. Gavagan (D), until December 30, 1943
▌James H. Torrens (D), from February 29, 1944
▌22. Walter A. Lynch (D)
▌23. Charles A. Buckley (D)
▌24. James M. Fitzpatrick (D)
▌25. Ralph A. Gamble (R)
▌26. Hamilton Fish III (R)
▌27. Jay Le Fevre (R)
▌28. William T. Byrne (D)
▌29. Dean P. Taylor (R)
▌30. Bernard W. Kearney (R)
▌31. Clarence E. Kilburn (R)
▌32. Francis D. Culkin (R), until August 4, 1943
▌Hadwen C. Fuller (R), from November 2, 1943
▌33. Fred J. Douglas (R)
▌34. Edwin Arthur Hall (R)
▌35. Clarence E. Hancock (R)
▌36. John Taber (R)
▌37. W. Sterling Cole (R)
▌38. Joseph J. O'Brien (R)
▌39. James W. Wadsworth Jr. (R)
▌40. Walter G. Andrews (R)
▌41. Joseph Mruk (R)
▌42. John Cornelius Butler (R)
▌43. Daniel A. Reed (R)
▌At-large. Matthew J. Merritt (D)
▌At-large. Winifred C. Stanley (R)
North Carolina
▌1. Herbert Covington Bonner (D)
▌2. John H. Kerr (D)
▌3. Graham A. Barden (D)
▌4. Harold D. Cooley (D)
▌5. John Hamlin Folger (D)
▌6. Carl T. Durham (D)
▌7. J. Bayard Clark (D)
▌8. William O. Burgin (D)
▌9. Robert L. Doughton (D)
▌10. Cameron A. Morrison (D)
▌11. Alfred L. Bulwinkle (D)
▌12. Zebulon Weaver (D)
North Dakota
▌At-large. William Lemke (R-NPL)
▌At-large. Usher L. Burdick (R-NPL)
Ohio
▌1. Charles H. Elston (R)
▌2. William E. Hess (R)
▌3. Harry P. Jeffrey (R)
▌4. Robert Franklin Jones (R)
▌5. Cliff Clevenger (R)
▌6. Edward O. McCowen (R)
▌7. Clarence J. Brown (R)
▌8. Frederick Cleveland Smith (R)
▌9. Homer A. Ramey (R)
▌10. Thomas A. Jenkins (R)
▌11. Walter E. Brehm (R)
▌12. John M. Vorys (R)
▌13. Alvin F. Weichel (R)
▌14. Edmund Rowe (R)
▌15. Percy W. Griffiths (R)
▌16. Henderson H. Carson (R)
▌17. J. Harry McGregor (R)
▌18. Earl R. Lewis (R)
▌19. Michael J. Kirwan (D)
▌20. Michael A. Feighan (D)
▌21. Robert Crosser (D)
▌22. Frances P. Bolton (R)
▌At-large. George H. Bender (R)
Oklahoma
▌1. Wesley E. Disney (D)
▌2. John Conover Nichols (D), until July 3, 1943
▌William G. Stigler (D), from March 28, 1944
▌3. Paul Stewart (D)
▌4. Lyle Boren (D)
▌5. A. S. Mike Monroney (D)
▌6. Jed J. Johnson (D)
▌7. Victor Wickersham (D)
▌8. Ross Rizley (R)
Oregon
▌1. James W. Mott (R)
▌2. Lowell Stockman (R)
▌3. Homer D. Angell (R)
▌4. Harris Ellsworth (R)
Pennsylvania
▌1. James A. Gallagher (R)
▌2. James P. McGranery (D), until November 17, 1943
▌Joseph Marmaduke Pratt (R), from January 18, 1944
▌3. Michael J. Bradley (D)
▌4. John E. Sheridan (D)
▌5. C. Frederick Pracht (R)
▌6. Francis J. Myers (D)
▌7. Hugh Scott (R)
▌8. James Wolfenden (R)
▌9. Charles L. Gerlach (R)
▌10. J. Roland Kinzer (R)
▌11. John W. Murphy (D)
▌12. Thomas B. Miller (R)
▌13. Ivor D. Fenton (R)
▌14. Daniel K. Hoch (D)
▌15. Wilson D. Gillette (R)
▌16. Thomas E. Scanlon (D)
▌17. J. William Ditter (R), until November 21, 1943
▌18. Richard M. Simpson (R)
▌19. John C. Kunkel (R)
▌20. Leon H. Gavin (R)
▌21. Francis E. Walter (D)
▌22. Chester H. Gross (R)
▌23. James E. Van Zandt (R), until September 24, 1943
▌D. Emmert Brumbaugh (R), from November 2, 1943
▌24. J. Buell Snyder (D)
▌25. Grant Furlong (D)
▌26. Louis E. Graham (R)
▌27. Harve Tibbott (R)
▌28. Augustine B. Kelley (D)
▌29. Robert L. Rodgers (R)
▌30. Samuel A. Weiss (D)
▌31. Herman P. Eberharter (D)
▌32. James A. Wright (D)
▌At-large. William I. Troutman (R), until January 2, 1945
Rhode Island
▌1. Aime Forand (D)
▌2. John E. Fogarty (D), until December 7, 1944
South Carolina
▌1. L. Mendel Rivers (D)
▌2. Hampton P. Fulmer (D), until October 19, 1944
▌Willa L. Fulmer (D), from November 7, 1944
▌3. Butler B. Hare (D)
▌4. Joseph R. Bryson (D)
▌5. James P. Richards (D)
▌6. John L. McMillan (D)
South Dakota
▌1. Karl E. Mundt (R)
▌2. Francis Case (R)
Tennessee
▌1. B. Carroll Reece (R)
▌2. John Jennings Jr. (R)
▌3. Estes Kefauver (D)
▌4. Albert Gore Sr. (D), until December 4, 1944
▌5. Jim Nance McCord (D)
▌6. Percy Priest (D)
▌7. W. Wirt Courtney (D)
▌8. Tom J. Murray (D)
▌9. Jere Cooper (D)
▌10. Clifford Davis (D)
Texas
▌1. Wright Patman (D)
▌2. Martin Dies Jr. (D)
▌3. Lindley Beckworth (D)
▌4. Sam Rayburn (D)
▌5. Hatton W. Sumners (D)
▌6. Luther Alexander Johnson (D)
▌7. Nat Patton (D)
▌8. Albert Thomas (D)
▌9. Joseph J. Mansfield (D)
▌10. Lyndon B. Johnson (D)
▌11. William R. Poage (D)
▌12. Fritz G. Lanham (D)
▌13. Ed Gossett (D)
▌14. Richard M. Kleberg (D)
▌15. Milton H. West (D)
▌16. R. Ewing Thomason (D)
▌17. Sam M. Russell (D)
▌18. Eugene Worley (D)
▌19. George H. Mahon (D)
▌20. Paul J. Kilday (D)
▌21. O. C. Fisher (D)
Utah
▌1. Walter K. Granger (D)
▌2. J. W. Robinson (D)
Vermont
▌At-large. Charles A. Plumley (R)
Virginia
▌1. S. Otis Bland (D)
▌2. Winder R. Harris (D), until September 15, 1944
▌Ralph Hunter Daughton (D), from November 7, 1944
▌3. Dave E. Satterfield Jr. (D)
▌4. Patrick H. Drewry (D)
▌5. Thomas G. Burch (D)
▌6. Clifton A. Woodrum (D)
▌7. A. Willis Robertson (D)
▌8. Howard W. Smith (D)
▌9. John W. Flannagan Jr. (D)
Washington
▌1. Warren G. Magnuson (D), until December 14, 1944
▌2. Henry M. Jackson (D)
▌3. Fred B. Norman (R)
▌4. Hal Holmes (R)
▌5. Walt Horan (R)
▌6. John M. Coffee (D)
West Virginia
▌1. A. C. Schiffler (R)
▌2. Jennings Randolph (D)
▌3. Edward G. Rohrbough (R)
▌4. Hubert S. Ellis (R)
▌5. John Kee (D)
▌6. Joe L. Smith (D)
Wisconsin
▌1. Lawrence H. Smith (R)
▌2. Harry Sauthoff (P)
▌3. William H. Stevenson (R)
▌4. Thaddeus Wasielewski (D)
▌5. Howard J. McMurray (D)
▌6. Frank Bateman Keefe (R)
▌7. Reid F. Murray (R)
▌8. LaVern Dilweg (D)
▌9. Merlin Hull (P)
▌10. Alvin O'Konski (R)
Wyoming
▌At-large. Frank A. Barrett (R)
Non-voting members
▌Alaska Territory. Anthony Dimond (D)
▌Hawaii Territory. Joseph Rider Farrington (R)
▌Philippines. Joaquín Miguel Elizalde (I), until August 9, 1944
▌Carlos P. Romulo (Lib.), from August 10, 1944
▌Puerto Rico. Bolívar Pagán (Socialist)
|
House seats by party holding plurality in state | 80+% Democratic | 80+% Republican | 60+% to 80% Democratic | 60+% to 80% Republican | Up to 60% Democratic | Up to 60% Republican |
|
Changes in membership
Senate
Senate changes
State (class)
|
Vacated by
|
Reason for change
|
Successor
|
Date of successor's formal installation
|
New Jersey (1)
|
William Warren Barbour (R)
|
Died November 22, 1943. Successor was appointed until an election.
|
Arthur Walsh (D)
|
November 26, 1943
|
Indiana (3)
|
Frederick Van Nuys (D)
|
Died January 25, 1944. Successor was appointed until an election.
|
Samuel D. Jackson (D)
|
January 28, 1944
|
Massachusetts (2)
|
Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (R)
|
Resigned February 3, 1944, to go on active duty in the US Army. Successor was appointed until a special election.
|
Sinclair Weeks (R)
|
February 8, 1944
|
Oregon (2)
|
Charles L. McNary (R)
|
Died February 25, 1944. Successor was appointed and subsequently won special election
|
Guy Cordon (R)
|
March 4, 1944
|
Washington (3)
|
Homer Bone (D)
|
Resigned November 13, 1944, to become Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit. Successor was appointed to finish the term, having just been elected to the next term.
|
Warren Magnuson (D)
|
December 14, 1944
|
Indiana (3)
|
Samuel D. Jackson (D)
|
Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term. Successor was elected.
|
William E. Jenner (R)
|
November 7, 1944
|
South Carolina (3)
|
Ellison D. Smith (D)
|
Died November 17, 1944.
|
Wilton E. Hall (D)
|
November 20, 1944
|
New Jersey (1)
|
Arthur Walsh (D)
|
Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term. Successor was elected.
|
Howard Alexander Smith (R)
|
December 7, 1944
|
Massachusetts (2)
|
Sinclair Weeks (R)
|
Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term. Successor was elected. Successor chose not to take the seat until the next Congress, but was nevertheless duly elected and qualified.
|
Leverett Saltonstall (R)
|
January 4, 1945
|
House of Representatives
House changes
District
|
Vacated by
|
Reason for change
|
Successor
|
Date of successor's formal installation
|
Missouri 6th
|
Vacant
|
Rep. Philip A. Bennett died in previous Congress
|
Marion T. Bennett (R)
|
January 12, 1943
|
California 2nd
|
Harry L. Englebright (R)
|
Died May 13, 1943
|
Clair Engle (D)
|
August 31, 1943
|
Kansas 2nd
|
Ulysses S. Guyer (R)
|
Died June 5, 1943
|
Errett P. Scrivner (R)
|
September 14, 1943
|
Oklahoma 2nd
|
John C. Nichols (D)
|
Resigned July 3, 1943, to become vice-president of Transcontinental and Western Air.
|
William G. Stigler (D)
|
March 28, 1944
|
New York 32nd
|
Francis D. Culkin (R)
|
Died August 4, 1943
|
Hadwen C. Fuller (R)
|
November 2, 1943
|
Pennsylvania 23rd
|
James E. Van Zandt (R)
|
Resigned September 24, 1943, after being called to active duty in the US Armed Forces.
|
D. Emmert Brumbaugh (R)
|
November 2, 1943
|
Kentucky 4th
|
Edward W. Creal (D)
|
Died October 13, 1943
|
Chester O. Carrier (R)
|
November 30, 1943
|
Pennsylvania 2nd
|
James P. McGranery (D)
|
Resigned November 17, 1943, after being appointed an Assistant Attorney General
|
Joseph Marmaduke Pratt (R)
|
January 18, 1944
|
Pennsylvania 17th
|
J. William Ditter (R)
|
Died November 21, 1943
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
Alabama 3rd
|
Henry B. Steagall (D)
|
Died November 22, 1943
|
George W. Andrews (D)
|
March 14, 1944
|
Colorado 1st
|
Lawrence Lewis (D)
|
Died December 9, 1943
|
Dean M. Gillespie (R)
|
March 7, 1944
|
New York 21st
|
Joseph A. Gavagan (D)
|
Resigned December 30, 1943, after being elected a justice of the New York Supreme Court
|
James H. Torrens (D)
|
February 29, 1944
|
Illinois 19th
|
William H. Wheat (R)
|
Died January 16, 1944
|
Rolla C. McMillen (R)
|
June 13, 1944
|
Illinois 7th
|
Leonard W. Schuetz (D)
|
Died February 13, 1944
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
New York 4th
|
Thomas H. Cullen (D)
|
Died March 1, 1944
|
John J. Rooney (D)
|
June 6, 1944
|
New York 11th
|
James A. O'Leary (D)
|
Died March 16, 1944
|
Ellsworth B. Buck (R)
|
June 6, 1944
|
Louisiana 3rd
|
James Domengeaux (D)
|
Resigned April 15, 1944, to join US Armed Forces
|
James Domengeaux (D)
|
Re-elected to fill his own vacancy November 7, 1944
|
Minnesota 9th
|
Harold Hagen (FL)
|
Changed parties April 15, 1944, after Minnesota Farmer–Labor and Democratic parties merged to become the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL)
|
Harold Hagen (R)
|
April 15, 1944
|
California 16th
|
Will Rogers Jr. (D)
|
Resigned May 23, 1944, to enter the US Army
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
Philippines at-large
|
Joaquín Miguel Elizalde
|
Resigned August 9, 1944, to become a member of the war cabinet of President Manuel L. Quezon
|
Carlos P. Romulo
|
August 10, 1944
|
Virginia 2nd
|
Winder R. Harris (D)
|
Resigned September 15, 1944
|
Ralph Hunter Daughton (D)
|
November 7, 1944
|
Florida 3rd
|
Robert L. F. Sikes (D)
|
Resigned October 19, 1944, to enter the U.S. Army
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
South Carolina 2nd
|
Hampton P. Fulmer (D)
|
Died October 19, 1944
|
Willa L. Fulmer (D)
|
November 7, 1944
|
Florida at-large
|
Robert A. Green (D)
|
Resigned November 25, 1944, to enter the United States Navy
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
Tennessee 4th
|
Albert Gore Sr. (D)
|
Resigned December 4, 1944, to enter the United States Army
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
Rhode Island 2nd
|
John E. Fogarty (D)
|
Resigned December 7, 1944, to enter the United States Navy
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
Washington 1st
|
Warren Magnuson (D)
|
Resigned December 14, 1944, when appointed U.S. Senator
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
Pennsylvania at-large
|
William I. Troutman (R)
|
Resigned January 2, 1945
|
Vacant until the next Congress
|
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
Senate
House of Representatives
Joint committees
Caucuses
Employees
Senate
House of Representatives
See also
Notes
- ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
References
- ^ Riddick, Floyd M. (1945). "The Second Session of the Seventy-eighth Congress". American Political Science Review. 39 (2): 317–336. doi:10.2307/1949189. ISSN 0003-0554.
- ^ "Party Whips". Senate.gov. Archived from the original on March 9, 2010.